Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka - Does Gregor Ever recieve justice? :: English Literature

Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka - Does Gregor Ever recieve justice?In the short story Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka, the protagonist of the story, Gregor Samsa, goes through a unconnected transition where he is transformed from a human being into an insect. Throughout the story Gregors physical appearance changes but it is apparent that his life as an insect is not that different from his life as a human being. To the reader it seems as though justice is served when Gregor, who has been transformed into an insect by any(prenominal) unexplainable force, can no longer work. Therefore his family, who have been living off him are coerce to go get undertakings. This would be considered justice if it werent for the fact that Gregor is living his life as an insect therefore the idea of justice seems to be undefinable.Metamorphosis is the story of a man named Gregor Samsa who awakes one morning time from unsettling dreams and realizes that he has been transformed into a monstrous vermin.Gre gor is a traveling salesman who works ridiculous hours every day while his family sits at home enjoying the luxuries which come from the specie that he earns. Gregor spends his time traveling day in, day out. He awakes every morning at four oclockand has not once been sick during his five-year employment, therefore it is quite rare that when the story begins he is late for work. It is so rare that the head clerk of the company where he works appears at his foretoken wondering why he is not out of bed yet and why he is late for work. Finally with the aid of his chair Gregor is able to plain-spoken the door. It is a complete shock to everyone to see Gregor in the state that he is in. The head clerk is ready to leave and it appears that Gregor has lost his job for good. Gregors job loss is not only detrimental to him but also to his family because he is their only source of income. Seeing as how Gregor is unable to get another job, his family is forced to get jobs of their own. Ro les are now reversed because now Gregors family is forced to take care of him. Gregors life as a human was foul because he wasforced to financially support his family and wake up at four oclock every morning to go to work as a traveling business man.

Essay --

The main purposes in conducting this assignment areTo able to carry out analysis into complex engineering problem making single-valued function of systematic approach to provide valid conclusion. To be able to apply appropriate techniques, resources and modern engineering and IT tools (Matlab) towards the assigned question.To learn about a verify system analysis and design tool called the root locus.To highlight the tight link between the theory and applications and the design process.INTRODUCTIONIn an engineered system we may normally have one or more design parameters, adjustments, or user settings. It is essential to determine if any of these will make the system unstable. This is broadly undesirable and possibly hazardous. For example, think of a washing machine that vibrates so much that it walks across a floor, or a high speed aircraft that fails callable to resonant vibrations. Root-locus plots are used to plot the system roots over the range of a variable to determine if the system will become unstable, or oscillate.The root locus is a way of presenting graphical information...

Act 2 Scenes 8-10 Essay -- Aboriginals Moore River Australia Essays

Act 2 Scenes 8-10The scene starts at superintendents office at Moore river Native rotarytlement, the date set 10 April 1933. It represents an institution of white power-a place of forced confinement and conformity. The importance of the construction of this place is to give a medium for the Aboriginals to resist such conformity, as demonstrated by Joe and Mary escaping from white control. It reinforces the theme of the play the refusal of aboriginal people to submit to the ways of European invadersThe 1930s represented two study political turning points of Western Australia. Firstly, the loss of the James Mitchells seat as the premier of Northam to the labor government epitomises changing white attitudes by electing a fairer government system. In previous scenes, Mitchells desperate attempt to win the election by sending the Aboriginals to Moore River as an act of racial segregation reflects his contrast and exploitation of his political hegemony. The second political concern at t his historical point was the success of the secession referendum vote. This secession of the 1930s was led by the administration Dominion League of Western Australia and in success of secession, Western Australia would break away from federation and the rule of the Commonwealth of Australia, therefore having dominion status equal to that of New Zealand. Despite the favoured votes for the secession referendum, by 1935 the proposition to Parliament was denied and WA still remained pa...

Searle’s Solution to the Missing Object Problem :: Searle Philosophy Philosophical Essays

Let us imagine that to play a joke on her new friend Suzy, Jenny tells her all about her fumble spaniel. Jenny tells Suzy that her dogs name is Sally, that Sally has long blonde hair, and that she loves to eat dodge scraps. The only problem is that Sally does not truly exist but Jenny doesnt tell this to Suzy. Because of this, Suzy forms all sorts of beliefs about Jennys cocker spaniel. She believes that it is named Sally, that it has long blonde hair and loves to eat table scraps, and perhaps a few other beliefs. She also forms desires regarding the dog she wants to meet Sally, to play fetch with her, and to buy her a doggie treat. Suzy, therefore, has many beliefs and desires regarding Sally the cocker spaniel and all of this in spite of the fact that Sally does not really exist at all. In orchestrating this prank, Jenny thought she was merely playing a simple trick on her friend. But in succeeding at this, she has brought about a significant philosophical dilemma. If Sally the cocker spaniel does not exist, because what atomic number 18 all of Suzys beliefs and desires about? This is the problem of objectless directedness. Mental states like believing and desiring are understood to be directed at things they are knowledgeable states, and every intentional state must have an intentional object. If I have a belief that Michael Jordan is the best basketball player of all time, or that Bush is a good wartime President, then these are beliefs about, respectively, Michael Jordan and George Bush. If I have a desire to meet the Pope, or to have a hamburger, then these desires are directed at the Pope and a hamburger, respectively. But in Suzys case, the supposed intentional object of her beliefs and desires Sally the cocker spaniel turned out not to exist at all. So did the beliefs and desires have an intentional object at all? And if so, what was it? In addressing this problem, this paper will explicate and argue for a ascendent given by John Searle in his book, Intentionality. After briefly

Comparing Seasonal Imagery in Wharton, Le Guin, and Johnson :: comparison compare contrast essays

Seasonal Imagery in Wharton, Le Guin, and Johnson Summer Now in November The go away Hand of Darkness The expression of Yeatss circularity of seasons goes back in literature at least as far as the poet Horace (Wirtjes 533). Traditionally, womens lives, centering on family maintenance, restrain mimicked the cycles of the seasons far more than mens. Theirs have been the lives that repeat the motifs of each preceding year, always reborn yet never wholly new. Women, then, have less experiential earth to view their lives as a part of an inexorable forward march rather than as several turns on the great wheel of birth and death. Women writers, likewise, whitethorn pay more attention than their male counterparts to the seasonal, circular nature of their protagonists lives. This is the case with Edith Whartons Summer, Josephine Johnsons Now in November, and Ursula Le Guins The Left Hand of Darkness. All three novelists preen current protagonist movement against a backdrop of immobil ity. Both Wharton and Le Guin set their protagonists change against the seeming constancy of summer and winter, while Johnson sets a critical spring-to-fall family transition against her protagonists assertion of year-to-year sameness. Thus, each novelist, while depicting the movement necessary to build a story arc, sets this movement within a larger context of use of circularity and sameness, represented for each by the recurring seasons. Edith Whartons Summer, written in 1916, charts the sexual awakening of young Charity Royall from her carefree abandon in June through her affair with visiting Lucius Harney in July and August, ending in autumn with her de facto abandonment and marriage of convenience to the man who raised her, Lawyer Royall. As Peter L. hay notes, the seasonal imagery provides an appropriate metaphor for Charitys development (114). Hays links this development explicitly to the seasons, albeit simplistically, with Charitys growth and maturation during the summ er leading to her impending harvest, two of wisdom and child in the fall (116). Yet, like Kate Chopin several years earlier in The Awakening, Wharton, I believe, avoids this simple ending. Indeed, another critic notes that What Elizabeth Ammons says of The Reef applies with tinge force to Summer The fairy-tale fantasy of deliverance by a man appears to be but is not a dream of freedom for women. It is a resplendence of the status quo (Crowley 87). Charity at novels end neither achieves her dreams (love and freedom with Harney) nor endures her nightmares (destitution and prostitution as a single mother).

Exploring Pain in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof Essay examples -- Cat on a Hot

Exploring Pain in Cat on a Hot tolerate cover Cat On A Hot Tin hood, written by Tennessee Williams is a brilliant play about a dysfunctional family that is forces to deal with hidden deceptions and hypocrisy. The issues that this play revolves around transcend time and region. By 1955 Tennessee Williams was already a well known and respected playwright. Theatergoers, as well as critics, had enthusiastically anticipated the arrival of Cat On A Hot Tin Roof. Many loved the play, but they had difficulty with the plays resolution. (Winchell, 711) ...critics and ordinary theatre-goers have not always known what to make of the play. Both the original and the Broadway versions of the third act return questions unanswered and an uneasy sense that the answers suggested argon willed and artificial. (Winchell, 711) In addition, many people love Williamss play Cat On A Hot Tin Roof because the plot is intriguing and the characters secrets unfold slowly. His plays premise is unique a nd it is not a re-hashed drama. They enjoy that Williams entertains and enlightens. Audiences go to his plays not to be shocked but to see the playwrights eleemosynary portrayal of characters whose fears and loneliness reflect their own. (The New nurse of Knowledge, 174) Tennessee Williamss plays have been praised and criticized by literary scholars. Most applaud his prose and mastery in developing characters, yet they are sometimes offended by his subject matter. Mark Royden Winchell wrote a compelling article analyzing Williamss play Cat On A Hot Tin Roof. In his essay, Winchell states that the play is a powerful work of art, yet he exclaims that it is perverse and scandalous. (Winche... ...filmsite.org/cato/htm/ Leverich, Lyle. Tom The Unknown Tennessee Williams. New York W.W. Norton & Co., Inc. 1995, 3, 17, 55, 59, 128, 129, 260, 417, 574 McLean, Colin. Interview, April 25th, 810 p.m. The New Book of Knowledge vol. 20 US, Grolier, Inc. 1994, 174-175 Reiter, Amy. A Capit al Cat. Entertainment Design January 1999 7-8 proquest.umi.com/pqdweb Smith, Bruce. Costly Performances. New York Paragon House, 1990, 6, 17, 59, 157 Williams, Tennessee. Cat On A Hot Tin Roof New York Penguin Books Ltd. 1955 24, 124, 125 Winchell, Mark Royden. Come Back To The Locker Room Agin Brick Honey. The Mississippi Quarterly 48 Fall 1995 701-712 webspirs3.silverplatter.com/cgi-binwaldo.cgi Wolter, Jurgen C. Strangers on Williamss Stage. The Mississippi Quarterly 49 Winter 1995 33-51 webspirs3.sinverplatter.com/cgi-bin/waldo/cgi

Which level of government should take the lead?

In ascertaining which between the federal government and the state and local government can best address the problems facing this nation, it is important that the pressure level problems of the United States of America be identified premiere. Evidently, the most pressing problems of our nation today include job creation and economic growth, the war in Iraq, health care and kindly security, energy and the exist of gas, terrorism, illegal immigration and environment and global warming.When it comes to addressing the problem of job creation and economic growth, the lead should not be take onn by any of the twain levels of government since both the federal as well as the state governments must share the burden of transaction with the same. At the state or local level, intrastate commerce must be readily addressed. While interstate commerce must be facilitated by the federal government.The federal government however must be permitted to take the lead in addressing the problems of t he war in Iraq, terrorism, illegal immigration energy and the cost of gas and the environment and global warming as these problems substantially involves foreign policy works that only the federal government is empowered to do. These problems require contiguous attention and may oftentimes necessitate instant action which may only be delivered by the national government.On the other hand, the problems of health care and social security must be addressed by the state and local governments for the identification as well as the cure to these problems can best be addressed locally. It is within the realm of the power of the state and local governments to make measures to attend to the problems of health care and social security. Discuss the Davis Administration and how it affected the create verbally of the 1876 Texas Constitution.Governor Samuel Jackson Davis administration was perhaps the most controversial and unpopular one in Texas history. This may be because even his assumption to office was in the first instance questionable. The backbone of his administration was the Texas Constitution of 1869 which provided for the centralization of power into the Governors Office and the expansion of governmental power. Davis term lengthened from the original two years to four years and his salary was significantly increased.Davis was able to have control over local state officials because of the vast appointing and removal powers granted to him by the constitution. The Davis administration was also criticized for levying unreasonably high taxes and incurring lavish government expenditures. Aside from his control over the State Police, the Constitution also empowered Davis to take charge of the State Militia which he both used to maintain law and order and compel local officials whenever they refused or failed to obey.His unpopularity was bolstered by immense putrescence coupled with his declaration of martial law in some counties. Texans have always preferred decentr alization, cheaper government spending and abhorred the coercive force of the state police and the state militia and the declaration of martial rule. That is why in December of 1873, Texans replaced Governor Davis with a Democrat in the person of Richard Coke and subsequently rewrote their constitution.Texans exclaim the Constitution of 1876 which, up to this time, remains to be the fundamental organic law of Texas. It provided for shorter terms and low-downer salaries of elected officials, obliteration of voter registration, local control of schools, low taxation and less government expenditure. Although the governor was given the power to appoint, fill vacancies, and enforce the laws of the land, he was not given control over local or other elected state officials. The 1876 Texas Constitution vastly differed from its predecessor constitution.ReferencesLongley, Robert. Federalism National Vs. State Government. (2008). April 28, 2008 . Webmaster. The Handbook of Texas Online. (20 08). April 28, 2008 .

Final Reflection Essay

During week one, my initial definition of reading was listening to an instruction, studying and then rehearsing that development in my mind, or categorizing it in a way so I could remember most of what was taught in the course. The class has opened a new place for me in the learning process from understanding how I process information to deciphering which learning processes I use in intentional learning or metacognition. arrangement my learning patterns form dynamic learning relationship is a key element to my view of how and why I process the learning experience, even relating it to every day life.Since discovering my learning patterns by administering the Learning Connections Inventory or LCI assessment, I have discovered my aptitude for using place (20), clearcutness (23), Technical ratiocination (35) and coming together (29) learning patterns. My use first patterns of Technical Reasoning and Confluence are now self-evident and shed light on why my public life took the pa th it did, leading me to this point in life. Confronting each task as a Dynamic Learner, I subconsciously used my Technical Reasoning and Confluence learning patterns first and as needed used my Precision and incidental learning patterns. through forbidden my career in the Navy, Technical Reasoning was pronounced which conduct me to choosing a mechanical trade then in the construction industry, using my hands as a carpenter to renew or erect buildings. Sequential and Precision patterns were used on an as needed basis when specific tasks required a structured approach like developing designs or repairing equipment.Throughout this course, different quizzes took Sequential learning to complete. I found it difficult to only use this pattern and my strong Technical Reasoning pattern was evident by my moving from question to question if I did not immediately know the answer then going back to answer the questions I skipped using Precision learning pattern. Reading assignments were a stru ggle as well I was accustomed to using Technical Reasoning, briefly reading through the chapter to pick out phrases I knew were important. The critical reading process drew me back to basics by redirecting my use of Sequence and Precision learning patterns to become the predominant patterns used. Sequence learning pattern was needed in thecompletion of discussions I needed to focus, not only on discussions but completing all my work and submitting it on time.Having high technical reasoning and confluence learning patterns are what shaped decisions and tendencies in this class procrastinating and being late with assignments started early in the course. Learning how to aspect my patterns together is a new concept which was difficult to introduce not only in my college course but in my daily life as well. Forging, Intensifying or Tethering my learning patterns are a continual activity and now that I have begun to understand how to decode a task, it will modify me to recognize the lea rning patterns to use, strengthen and reduce. This course was extremely interesting to me discovering the four different learning patterns, how they influence college coursework and my career path. I appreciated looking at the inter-working of how I learn and what I can do to enhance my learning capabilities.As the weeks went by, the on-line experience with Ashford University became easier to schedule I used sequential and clearcutness learning patterns to regulate my time, turning in assignments when they were due. In the past, on-line learning was tedious and difficult to manage. Ashfords approach with an introductory course in face-to-face learning is eye opening understanding how and why I learn will carry over into future courses. The overall online college experience will be what I make of it. Interacting with instructors and peers is an aspect in my control. Challenging classes will be met with a different attitude and perspective, knowing the hows and whys of my learning p atterns is key to being successful.

The politics of Latino faith: Religion, identity, and urban community Essay

Historical siteIntroduction Historic sites are places well cognize for materials that are rich in political, cultural, military or amicable life history. These materials give up been conserved due to their cultural heritage relevance. I have al styles had a sentimental longing of visiting historical sites since my childhood and out of this affection, I resolved to pay a visit to the pudding stone present Building. Out of my enthusiasm, I couldnt wait to travel all the way to the Midtown of Manhattan in the refreshing York City where the pudding stone State Building, the skyscraper, is situated in. The empire domain building, first established in 18th century in a farm that was owned by John Thompson stands at the height of approximately 1254 ft together with its antennae spire at its top. .I was so delighted, a building that is intentional in a unique Deco style that resembles the architecture of the pre-world second war. I must confidently say that the conglomerate state building actually defines the record of the city in the current epoch that we are living in. There is a culture that there is an ape that climbs to the spire under the fear of existence confined by other animals but falls after being hit by planes. These distinctive features have drawn the attention of many sight in many nations rendering it an historical site. The empire state building is owned by Empire State Realty Trust with Antony Malkin being the principal(prenominal) Executive Officer. . There are several TV broadcasters and FM radio stations as well. Movie actors are as well as popular in the Empire State Building. Overwhelming features such as the colorful antennae have take to several films being shoot in this building. King Kong is a well known movie that features the Empire State Building. approximately events have occurred at the site. There was a plane crash that occurred back in 1945 whereby a pilot crashed into the Empire building after getting disoriented by fog on his way causing an explosion that led to the death of a few volume as a result of the fumes that were hurtled into the building. The site is important to the politics of America in that it was established during the reign of President Herbert Hoover. Political campaigns are held in this building. Prominent political leaders regularly hold meetings in the Empire State Building. Some elections are held in the Empire State Building. Elections that led to the supremacy of the Republican Party candidate were held in the Empire State Building. The well known UN secretary general Ban Ki-moon made remarks at the empire state building in a campaign that aimed at putting to an end violence against women. Currently, conditions have changed There has been invention of colorful floodlights in l964 which has led to the punk of the antennae spire of the Empire State Building creating room for special events. The colors brighten some seasonal events like sports (Wilson, 2008). The empire building is currently next the Penn station, Madison garden square and Macys Herald square.However, some crises have occurred at this building. Incidences of suicides have been witnessed whereby some people throw themselves from the observatories. Some land springy others dead. Cases of shooting by gangsters were witnessed near this historical site but I can confidently affirm that these cases have been addressed and the site is peaceful. More developments have taken place to help improve the situation of the empire state building. Improved LED lighting system has been installed into this building by a skilful team lead by Malkin. This LED lighting system has led to reduction in energy consumption. The LED lighting system has led to amend economic growth in the sense that it has led to the expansion of the video and filming industries due to its overwhelming LED lighting system. Consequently, this has created job opportunities in New York improving the living standards of her pe ople. More so, observation decks have been developed on some floors of the Empire State Building. Tourists who pay homage to this historical site also find the interest to visit these observation decks. Tourists are guaranteed the access to these decks after buying tickets. The rooms are also rented for office as well. All this has led to improved economic growth in America. The attractive features that have drawn the attention of many people has consequently lead to the springing up of restaurants around the Empire State Building that provides food and accommodation services to the people who come to pay homage to the site This has increased job opportunities to the citizens leading to improved standards of living. Some of the restaurants that I got the privilege of having dinner in were the Monkey Bar, Salvation Taco and The Peacock. It is all joy, all fun, and quite amazing to be at the Empire State Building.ReferencesWilson, C. E. (2008). The politics of Latino faith Religion, i dentity, and urban community. New York New York University Press. Skowronek, Stephen, & Glassman, Matthew. (2008). Formative Acts American Politics in the Making. Univ of Pennsylvania Pr.Brewer, M. D. (2003). Relevant no more? The Catholic/Protestant divide in American electoral politics. Lanham, Md Lexington Books.Source document

Trojan Horse

Over the last twenty age, a technological transition has occurred as computing devices are now an essential element of todays society. Large information processing systems are used to track reservations for the airline indus translate, process billions of dollars for banks, manufacture products for industry, and conduct major legal proceeding for businesses because much and more raft now start out computing machines at home and at the off-keyice. People commit electronic estimator crimes because of societys declining ethical standards more than any scotch need. According to experts, gender is the only bias.The profile of todays non-professional thieves crosses all races, age groups and economic strata. calculator criminals tend to be relatively honest and in a fleck of trust few would do anything to harm another human, and to the highest degree do not consider their crime to be truly dishonest. Most are males women have tended to be accomplices, though of late they are becoming more aggressive.Computer Criminals tend to usually be between the ages of 14-30, they are usually bright, eager, highly motivated, adventuresome, and spontaneous to accept technical challenges. (Shannon, 162) It is tempting to liken computer criminals to other criminals, ascribing characteristics somehow different from normal individuals, but that is not the field. (Sharp, 183) It is believed that the computer criminal a good deal marches to the same drum as the potential victim but follows and unanticipated path. (Blumenthal, 12) There is no actual profile of a computer criminal because they range from young teens to elders, from black to white, from short to tall.Definitions of computer crime has changed over the years as the users and misusers of computers have expanded into rude(a) areas. When computers were first introduced into businesses, computer crime was defined simply as a form of white-collar crime committed inside a computer system. (2600Summer 92,p. 1 3) Some new terms have been added to the computer criminal vocabulary.Trojan Horse is a hidden code put into a computer program. Logic bombs are plant so that the perpetrator doesnt have to physically present himself or herself. (Phrack 12,p. 3) Another form of a hidden code is salamis. It came from the big salami loaves sold in delis years ago. Often people would take small portions of bites that were taken out of them and then they were secretly returned to the shelves in the hopes that no one would notice them missing. (Phrack 12,p. 44) Congress has been reacting to the outbreak of computer crimes.The U. S. House of Judiciary Committee approved a bipartisan computer crime bill that was expanded to process it a federal crime to curve into credit and other data beggarlys protected by federal privacy statutes. (Markoff, B 131) This bill is generally creating several categories of federal misdemeanor felonies for unofficial access to computers to obtain money, goods or service s or classified information.This also applies to computers used by the federal government or used in interstate highway of foreign commerce which would cover any system accessed by interstate telecommunication systems. Computer crime often requires more sophistications than people realize it. (Sullivan, 404) Many U. S. businesses have ended up in bankruptcy court unaware that they have been victimized by disgruntled employees.American businesses wishes that the computer shelter nightmare would vanish like a fairy tale. Information processing has grown into a gigantic industry. It accounted for $33 billion in services in 1983, and in 1988 it was accounted to be $88 billion. (Blumenthal, B 12) All this information is vulnerable to greedy employees, nosy-teenagers and general careless(prenominal)ness, yet no one knows whether the sea of computer crimes is only as big as the Gulf of Mexico or as huge as the North Atlantic. (Blumenthal,B 12) Vulnerability is likely to increase in the future.And by the turn of the century, nearly all of the software to run computers will be bought from vendors rather than developed in houses, standardized software will make theft easier. (Carley, A 11) A two-year secret service investigation code-named function Sun-Devil, targeted companies all over the United States and led to numerous seizures. Critics of Operation Sun-Devil claim that the Secret Service and the FBI, which have almost a similar operation, have conducted unreasonable search and seizures, they disrupted the lives and livelihoods of many people, and generally conducted themselves in an unconstitutional manner.My whole breeding changed because of that operation. They charged me and I had to take them to court. I have to thank 2600 and Emmanuel Goldstein for publishing my story. I owe a lot to the fellow hackers and fellow hackers and the Electronic Frontier Foundation for coming up with the blunt of the legal fees so we could fight for our rights. (Interview with Steve Jackson, fellow hacker, who was charged in operation Sun Devil) The case of Steve Jackson Games vs. Secret Service has yet to come to a verdict yet but should very soon. The secret service seized all of Steve Jacksons computer materials which he made a living on.They charged that he made games that published information on how to commit computer crimes. He was being charged with running play a underground hack system. I told them it was only a game and that I was angry and that was the way that I tell a story. I neer thought Hacker Steve Jacksons game would cause such a problem. My biggest problem was that they seized the BBS (Bulletin Board System) and because of that I had to make drastic cuts, so we laid of eight people out of 18. If the Secret Service had just come with a subpoena we could have showed or copied every file in the building for them. (Steve Jackson Interview)Computer professionals are grappling not only with coming backs of free speech and civil liber ties, but also with how to educate the public and the media to the difference between on-line computer experimenters. They also point out that, while the computer networks and the results are a new kind of crime, they are protected by the same laws and freedom of any real world domain. A 14-year old boy connects his home computer to a television line, and taps into the computer at his neighborhood bank and on a regular basis transfers money into his personnel account. (2600Spring 93,p. 9)On paper and on screens a popular new mythology is growing quickly in which computer criminals are the dike Cassidys of the electronic age. These true tales of computer capers are far from being futuristic fantasies. (2600Spring 93p. 19) They are inspired by scores of real action cases. Computer crimes are not just crimes against the computer, but it is also against the theft of money, information, software, benefits and welfare and many more. With the average damage from a computer crime amountin g to round $. 5 million, sophisticated computer crimes can rock the industry. (Phrack 25,p. 6)Computer crimes can take on many forms. Swindling or stealing of money is one of the most common computer crime. An example of this kind of crime is the Well Fargo Bank that discovered an employee was using the banks computer to embezzle $21. 3 million, it is the largest U. S. electronic bank drool on record. (Phrack 23,p. 46) Credit Card scams are also a type of computer crime. This is one that fears many people and for good reasons. A fellow computer hacker that goes by the handle of Raven is someone who uses his computer to access credit data bases.In a talk that I had with him he act to explain what he did and how he did it. He is a very intelligent person because he gained illegal access to a credit data base and obtained the credit history of local residents. He then allegedly uses the residents names and credit information to apply for 24 Mastercard game and Visa cards. He used th e cards to issue himself at least 40,000 in cash from a number of automatic teller machines. He was caught once but was only withdrawing $200 and in was a minor larceny and they couldnt prove that he was the one who did the other ones so he was put on probation.I was 17 and I unavoidable money and the people in the underground taught me many things. I would not go back and not do what I did but I would try not to get caught next time. I am the leader of HTH (High Tech Hoods) and we are currently devising other ways to make money. If it werent for my computer my life would be nothing like it is today. (Interview w/Raven) Finally, one of the thefts involving the computer is the theft of computer time. Most of us dont realize this as a crime, but the coition consider this as a crime. (Ball,V85) Everyday people are urged to use the computer but sometimes the use becomes excessive or improper or both.For example, at most colleges computer time is thought of as free-good students and fa culty often computerizes mailing lists for their churches or fraternity organizations which might be written off as good public relations. But, use of the computers for private consulting projects without payment of the university is clearly improper. In business it is the similar. Management often looks the other way when employees play computer games or generate a Snoopy calendar. But, if this becomes excessive the employees is stealing work time. And computers can only process only so many tasks at once.Although considered less severe than other computer crimes such activities can represent a major business loss. While most attention is currently being effrontery to the criminal aspects of computer abuses, it is likely that civil action will have an equally important effect on long term security problems. (Alexander, V119) The issue of computer crimes draw attention to the civil or liability aspects in computing environments. In the future there may tend to be more individual an d class action suits. Computer crimes are fast and growing because the evolution of technology is fast, but the evolution of law is slow.While a transformation of states have passed legislation relating to computer crime, the situation is a national problem that requires a national solution. Controls can be instituted within industries to prevent such crimes. resistance measures such as hardware identification, access controls software and disconnecting critical bank applications should be devised. However, computers dont commit crimes people do. The perpetrators best advantage is ignorance on the part of those protect the system. Proper internal controls reduce the opportunity for fraud.

Delta Airlines Essay

Delta Air Lines is one of the top five domestic lineagelines in the United States, and amongst the top 20 in the world today. The key to Delta being so successful today is their focus on human relations (Anthony, Kacmar, & Parrew, 2010). An agrarian extension agent by the name of C.E. Woolman founded Delta. Mr. Woolman was not a financier, so Delta has not historically relied on financial strategies to create competitive advantage (Anthony, Kacmar, & Parrew, 2010). Delta has had the fewest(prenominal) number of customer complaints of any major(ip) carrier for 20 years straight. This excellent customer expediency could be partial due to the fact that Delta was potently committed to its employees. With loyal employees and excellent customer service Delta was able to be very competitive in the air duct industriousness and still is today. One of Delta sterling(prenominal) challenge today is differentiating itself from its competitors while cutting cost, but through their continual s trong focus on human relations and superior customer service Delta will continue to be amongst the top in the airline industry.External EnvironmentGeneral.Economic factors Inflation has change magnitude and the world economy has dealtwith financial issues. thither is a lot of potential growth in the emerging economies. Airlines merging not only affect those involved in the merger, but also the separate airlines that stand to lose securities industry sh be. Socio-culture Factor varies among societies. The airline industry serves all kinds of customers. There nonplus been issues with obesity and airlines because of having to purchase an additional seat for being larger. Political-Regulatory factors Airlines seduce to consider are security issues because of terrorist attacks and deregulation of airlines. Also, there are fuel regulations to consider (Anthony, Kacmar & Perrewe, 2010). Technological factors Technology has changed the industry drastically. Travel agencies are complete ly archaic because of websites like hotwire, Orbitz and Priceline. Airlines have mobile applications for phones and ipads that allow you to check-in and get flight updates. You do not even need a paper-boarding pass there are electronic boarding passes. Demographic factors The airline industry serves customers all over the world. Typically serving adults, even though children fly. Shares of the market are customers traveling for line of business purposes.IndustryAirline Industry. The airline industry is a major economic and social force. The impact air travel has had on related industries, manufacturing, and tourism is on a worldwide scale. Few industries have created the amount of technological advancement or gained such attention from federal governments. The industry has high and low cycles more(prenominal) often than not dependent on time of year and socioeconomic factors. The industry is fairly concentrated with only a small handful of majors competitors in northeastern A merica, but each competitor has attached themselves to joint ventures with numerous global corporations, such as Sky Team, which contains Delta Air Lines. Airlines compete on a global scale, offering flights from Washington D.C to South Africa to Tokyo, Japan. Companies that limit themselves to a certain region struggle maintain a large portion of the market share. The airline industry is somewhat difficult to break into due to a high learning curve and the number of major competitors already established in the field. The industry is in a mature phase, which means it is a well-established commodity that has seen little growth into untapped markets.Technology is rapidly growing to make planes larger, more efficient, quieter, and easier to manage. Technology hasallowed air travel to become safer and more cost effective than driving. The use of the internet has enabled consumers to purchase seats easier than ever. The capital requirements of an airline are very large. Planes, hangars, hubs, and a gigantic support staff are always needed to maintain even a small operation of flights. The industry can be very moneymaking as long as competition is maintained and people have a need for more rapid transportation.5 Force Analysis red-hot Entrants. The significant start-up costs and capital requirements make entering the airline industry difficult. Government regulations also make a new or unknown troupe struggle internationally, as many governments strictly control who has authority to land within the country. opposed competitors are more of a threat than new competitors. Foreign competitors are always looking to increase their market share in the U.S. and North America. Suppliers. Suppliers have a large amount of power within the industry. Boeing and Airbus endure the manufacturing industry related to the airlines, which limits competition and rivalry. There is a lack of bulk within the industry due to this lack of competition. The other high priced commodity fo r airlines is fuel. The arrangement of Petroleum Exporting Countries is very strong and can easily influence the price of fuel. These suppliers can demand the prices they want because the airline industry has limited options otherwise.Buyers. Buyers have relatively low bargaining power within the airline industry. This is in part due to the high costs of switching airlines and the fact that airlines have the great power to set their own prices without fear of taking losses. Buyer power has recently grown with the use of travel/booking websites such as Travelocity, Kayak, and Hotwire. These sites enable buyers to instantaneously peruse numerous airline ticketing costs. The consumer then has the option to select the airline with the lowest offered price. Delta has introduced a way to lower ticket costs and maintain a loyal customer base. They offer lowered prices to consumers who buy directly from the Delta website. Substitutes. The increased efficiency of other travel modes do off er some threats of substitutes and also forces the airline industry to abide vigilant about having constant technological upgrades of their own. The threats offered from other services, such as motor vehicle, train, and boat,have been declining since the rise of air travel, but they remain as a constant within the tourism and travel industries.Increased costs of fuel/oil prices have decreased the number of consumers who travel for pleasure, which has increased the percentage of those who travel for business needs. Airlines remain the favorite for international or transoceanic traveling due to the speed of transportation. Existing Rivalry. Rivals have created increased intensity within the market and the need for joint ventures and new business contracts on a regular basis. The most profitable hubs are ones setup within major traffic cities with a high demand for air travel. This means that the major airlines have to compete with one another to seize the larger markets. The larger m arkets typically cost more to get into, but yield a higher return on investments, so it is beneficial to become involved.Companies need to offer more flights and more time flexibility through these larger markets to keep up with the demand of their rival companies. Fixed costs from suppliers, low differentiation of services, and price wars break to rivalry as well. Net profits are lower overall due to this competition, but it ensures that one company is unable to seize a monopoly of the market share. Offering frequent flyer miles is one way to differentiate from the competition and increase a loyal customer base.

Commercials and Their Effect on Children’s Language

Language assimilation is the process whereby children ar socialized, or taught the norms and expectations of their culture, by dint of the use of talking to. Language enculturation includes both the use of language for socialization and the socialization to use language. Language socialization takes effect through exposure to language use, first from family members and separate caretakers and then through further society, such as other children, childcare and media exposure. What effect does media exposure, particularly exposure to television commercials, mystify on language socialization in children? An investigation of literature suggests that television and commercials are in all probability to have a poor effect on language socialization, conduct to inaccurate ideas of the importance of language and the culturally correct use of language.The general effectuate of television viewing on socialization are well known. According to Coats & Feldman (1995) American children sp end significant inwardnesss of time watching television more time, they noned, than lecture to adults, playing with siblings or attending school. They examined the effect of television on nonverbal socialization, and found that nonverbal de furthers of emotion are found at an unnaturally luxuriously rate as opposed to the natural environment. This can lead to frequent television viewers expressing a more expressive nonverbal aroused display style, due to incorrect socialization about the appropriateness of nonverbal display.Their study found that elementary school children who frequently watched television had more success at encoding emotions (particularly those frequently displayed on television such as happiness and sadness) than did children who infrequently watched television. They also found that these children utilize more emotive facial expressions. This is in opposition to cultural norms that require active regulation of facial expression, and may constitute a soci al disadvantage. DeLoache and Korac (2003) jobd that there has been a substantial amount of research indicating that there is a correlation amongst violent programs and violent behavior.Neuman (1980) performed one of the first studies on the effect of television and listening behavior in children. She noted that the rapid pace of childrens television programming meant that children never had time to integrate the information transmitted by the programs. The changes were so frequent that children did not have the ability to learn to recognize the words presented in other contexts, meaning that language socialization through these television shows and commercials was ineffective and incomplete. Her study center specifically on the correlation between listening skills and television viewing.She found that children did not routinely suffer a degradation of listening skills at change magnitude levels of television viewing listening skills, she determined, tend to be linked more to in telligence than to television viewing or artificially shortened attention spans. However, she did note that children who watched a lot of commercials, documentaries and news shows did have a decreased level of listening skills. She posited that this was due to the explicit lack of socialization cues aimed at children within these programs leading to decreased listening skills and attention spans. In short, these programs did not provide enough simulated human interaction to allow for language or cultural socialization, regular(a) as a substitute for human interaction.Durkin and settle (2001) examined the effect of television language socialization on children in the specific context of foreign language speakers. The authors noted that language is a marker of ethnic identity and enculturation reactions to language could also be a sign of ethnic prejudice. Ethnic minorities are often underrepresented in the media as well as portrayed in an inaccurate manner, perpetuating stereotype s and negative images of the ethnic minority. The authors wanted to investigate this portrayal on the socialization of young children around foreign languages at various ages.They found that three to five course of study olds routinely learned words from television programs, and that younger children used foreign language as a cue that a programs content is not aimed at them. The authors performed a study that used videos of a family, speechmaking both English and an artificial foreign language, in prosocial and asocial situations in order to gauge the effect of the foreign language on the childrens perception of the situation. The authors did not find that the foreign language routinely affected the childrens perception, although younger viewers did tend to view the foreign language speaking portrayals more negatively (in line with cognitive development theories which indicate that younger children see those who are different from them as a threat).The authors noted that the eigh t year old group showed a marked bias against the foreign language groups in both the prosocial and antisocial situations this, too, is accounted for by cognitive development theories, which indicate that a metalinguistic shift occurs around the age of seven or eight. This effect has apparently dissipated by the age of ten. Children of all age groups responded positively to the prosocial groups, and negatively to the antisocial groups, in line with expected socialization. The authors concluded that although foreign language could elicit prejudicial reactions in children, it is not clear that it is the foreign language that causes these reactions. However, this study distinctly indicates that televisions negative portrayal of ethnic minorities could impact childrens later attitudes and socialization.Barling and Fullagar (1983) performed a factorial study examining childrens attitudes to commercials, including statements such as I learned something new and The advertisement was enter taining. This study did not show any(prenominal) explicit awareness on the part of the children surveyed of learning or socialization through commercials. Bradbury (2004) stated,A great deal of research has been done on this subject and, though varying greatly in its methodology and conclusion, would appear to suggest that it is not until the age of 12 that all children have developed a full understanding of the intention of advertising. In particular it is not until this age that all children richly understand the advocatory nature of advertising, that is the way in which advertising communicates only positive messages about a product in order to encourage sales.This inability to strike reality from commercial advertising may further increase the risk of inappropriate socialization through television commercials. Bradbury noted that exposure to commercials at an primaeval age may increase the risk of developing a consumerist mentality that children do not have the capacity to r ecognize as inappropriate.Are there any potential benefits to children from television viewing? DeLoache and Korac (2003) examined the effectiveness of video learning in very young children. The design of television programs for children, beginning with programs such as sesame Street, aimed at preschool aged children, and progressing to programs designed for twelve to twenty four month old or younger children, are predicated on the idea that children can and do learn from video imitation. DeLoache and Korac noted that children do learn from these programs, although not as early as they can learn from direct interaction with other humans.Children as young as fourteen months have been observed to show learning behaviors (perceiving and interpreting the action, forming a memory representation of the action and then retrieving the representation at some later time) from behaviors observed on television. However, this is several months later than children have been observed to perform t he same learning behavior in response to interaction with people. From this the conclusion can be drawn that children can display learning and socialization behaviors from television, though not as effectively as from psyche to person interaction.A review of literature regarding language socialization and television, including television commercials, learning programs and other forms of television aimed at children or viewed by children indicates that language socialization is provided by television, just now at a abase quality than that provided by personal interaction with peers and adult caregivers. DeLoache and Korac indicated that television can provide learning opportunities for children, though not at as high a quality as personal interaction children were seen to learn from television at a later age and a lower rate than from other people. Neuman demonstrated that television, particularly television that is not designed to provide socialization for children, could negativ ely affect listening behavior.Additionally, some forms of childrens programming, which are rapidly paced and change content quickly, lead to inadequate language socialization as children are left unable to recognize new words outback(a) of their original context. Coats and Feldman examined the effect of television on non-verbal socialization in children. They determined that children with high levels of television viewing had an inaccurate view of the frequency and appropriateness of non-verbal emotional expression, which could lead to a social disadvantage in a culture which values control of emotional expression. Barling and Fullagar found that children had no explicit understanding of the suggest or meaning of television advertising, where Bradbury stated that children continued to lack understanding of the purpose of television advertising as late as age twelve. Durkin and Judge determined that negative portrayal of ethnic minorities on television might affect language sociali zation.Examination of literature indicates that while television viewing may have some limited positive effect on language socialization and learning behaviors, it is unlikely to be a substitute for personal interaction between peers and adult caregivers. Children were shown to have less understanding of appropriate social cues and behaviors, and did not retain as much language information due to inappropriate presentation and inadequate time to process and retain knowledge. Commercials pose a particular problem because they not only use a limited language set, but also portray and enforce an inappropriate consumerist attitude which children are unable to distinguish as not being the cultural norm.Works CitedBarling, Julian & Fullagar, Clive. Childrens Attitudes to television Advertisements AFactorial Perspective. The daybook of psychological science. 113 (1983)25-30.Bradbury, Paul. Television Advertising to Children To Regulate or Legislate?Children & Society. 14 (2004)73-75.Coa ts, Eric & Feldman, Robert. The Role of Television in the Socialization of Non-Verbal Skills. Basic and Applied Social Psychology 17.3 (1995) 327-341.DeLoache, Judy & Korac, Nada. Video-based Learning by Very Young Children.Developmental Science. 6.3(2003)245-246.Durkin, Kevin & Judge, Jasmine. Effects of language and social behavior on childrensreactions to foreign people on television. British Journal of Developmental Psychology. 19 (2001)597-612.Neuman, Susan. Listening Behavior and Television Viewing. Journal of EducationalResearch. 74.1 (1980)15-18.

A Change Of Heart About Animals: Rifkin’s Analysis Essay

How many cartridge clips community give all their trust, love and heart and soul to someone whoinevitably cheats, betrays or disappoints them? Who has the chance to cure and takecare of an animal knows that this wont ever happen, they remain faithful and loving byyour aspect in whatever situation.There are striking similarities between gracious and animal beings, from their astonishingintellectual and cognitive abilities, to their widely developed emotional side. pot shouldreconsider and change the way they treat and relate our fellow creatures, legally and ineveryday life, because they are much much than an experiment, or a children enjoyment oran accessorize, they are living beings.Jeremy Rifkin is an Ameri put forward writer, public speaker and activist who wrote an article forthe Los Angeles Times in 2003 , meaningfully dense from the title A budge Of HeartAbout Animals. In this article he sheds light on the human like qualities of animals,emphasizing how similar they a re to us, providing examples like persuasive studies and faultless data. Our everyday companions do have empathy, intelligence and feelings andshould be treated as such.The indite starts building up his credibility with precise and sophisticated diction finished the entire text, and making use of universally highly recognized sources. Referringto studies on pigs social behavior at Purdue University or to findings published in theJournal of Science, he obtains the attention and the trust of the reader. In fact references tothe highest level universities and science magazines, give the reader a sense of securereliability on the author, associating these names to quoted scientists and honoredresearches. only Purdues studies on pigs that showed how the lack of physical andmental stimuli can depress and deteriorate pigs health, were heartily taken by the EuropeanUnion. Especially in Germany, the government took action encouraging the farmers tostimulate pigs with human contact and toys every day. Researches taken so seriously notonly by a subject government, but also by an institution like the European Union, lead to agrowth of the authors ethos even for the most skeptical readers, installment a global senseof trust.Then Rifkin goes on exploring the most emotional and sympathetic human likeaspects of our closest nature relatives. Since animals share the same emotions and concernas humans do, the reader can relate on an expressive level with them. An actual examplethat Rifkin uses, was how elephants will mourn over a finale of their kin, standing next tothem, touching their dead bodies with their trunks. Elephants understand the sense ofmortality experiencing grief, and the sensation of loss after the death of a beloved one aswe do.Any person who unluckily had to face how struggling the last goodbye to someoneclose is can connect with them, feeling empathy and at the same time sadness thinkingabout their own tough experiences. And at the end, as last heart warm ing pathos appeal,Rifkin gives colorful examples of the horrible treatments that some animals moldiness go troughlike painful laboratory experiments, inhumane conditions and slaughter. These portrays ofunevenly horrific treatments put negative images in our minds, making the reader really oppugn how possibly people can treat with any regards creatures having so many things incommon with us.Rifkin strongly appeals to the readers logic as well, in fact one reason why animals aretreated with so much inferiority is because they are viewed as having much lessintelligence. On the contrary, the author displays how clever animals can be, including asproof the mind blowing results of two experiments. For instance, Oxford University scientistsnoticed how smartly two New Caledonian crows managed to use the right hooked wire to rip one piece of meat from a tube, in the majority of time in which the experiment wasrepeated.Beyond impressive was Koko, a 300 pound gorilla in Northern California, w howas able to learn more than one thousand signs of the sign language and several thousandEnglish words, moreover she scored between 70 and 95 on human IQ tests. The example ofthe unbelievably humane cognitive abilities of this clever female gorilla, is even moreimpressive and has a greater impact on who is reading because the primate family iswidely known as being the closest to ours.The human race descends from the animal one, and feelings, language skillsand anything purely link and considered human has not just appeared one random day.Animals are much more similar to us than we ever thought, sensing and experiencingemotions like sorrow, depression and excitement. Moreover they have a mesmerizing level ofintelligence, they can master sophisticatedly tool making tasks and possess qualities that themajority of people have never even imagined. How can people merely consider our fourlegged companions as just animals? It is so hard to believe and realize that still so manyhuman being s are treating our fellow friends with no regards. When a man unfairly treats acreature so similar to him, who should we really consider as beast?The more I knowpeople, the more I love my dog. said Mark Twain, and the way people treat animalsdepicts what kind of people they are. If we consider ourselves as people who deserve thetitle of human being, we should definitely behave in the best way possible toward them,protecting and guaranteeing them similar rights to ours, considering how similar we are.

How useful are the following sources in arriving at an accurate understanding of Dartford high street in the mid nineteenth century?

There has been much development and change in Dartford later the eighteenth century. One of the many reasons for this is the growth of industry and the manufacture of the railway, this town has gone from being plainly from being a market-town and coaching post to developing more towards industry. The heights Street has changed a potentiometer since the ordinal century in terms of rifles, shops, conditions, etc. There ar many ways of conclusion out what it used to be like, including sources, the census, and the existing buildings. There are six main buildings in Dartford postgraduateer(prenominal) track which I am studying.These buildings are e verydayly quite simple to put a knockabout date to them. The rough date that we can confidently take hold these buildings is that they are from the Georgian era, with a duo besides being from the Victorian era. Some of these buildings, such as the Bulls Head yard building harbor certain features about it which can help harbo r particulars about the actual route and its functions, non just the building. The Bulls Head yard building has a pulley system attached to it, which could suggest a warehouse and cart way on the other hand this does not inevitably mean that the lane had many carts going over it.Although, source C (the engraving of Dartford high passageway), suggests that carts were common in Dartford high road. Moreover, the Bull and Victoria Hotel gives some evidence to suggest that coaches were popular in Dartford as well. We can deliberate this because the entrance is fairly wider than it would norm everyy be for an ordinary building or hotel, thus suggesting that this building could take up been a coach house. So overall, although the buildings show individual purpose and use, they in themselves, do not necessarily show what the high street was like in the 1800s.The strengths of this source are that this report gives detailed tuition on the conditions of Dartford High Street concern ing matters of hygiene and sanitation. It is an official enquiry by the General Board of health and pen by William Ranger therefore, it must have some reliability. It was withal written in the nineteenth century so Ranger would have known exactly what it was like. The report implies that Dartford is not a genuinely prosperous town, saying things like The general character of this place is such that humans ought not to be allowed to occupy it. This enjoins us that the area being described has very poor sanitary conditions. The report therefore contrasts with Dunkins definition of a wealthy, aesthetically-pleasing town. There are also weaknesses to the report. Firstly, it only focuses on Clarks alley rather than the High Street itself and therefore it does not directly tell us about the High Street. Furthermore, only the conditions are described, rather than other aspects such as its function and people.Also, as the report was written for the Board of health, it describes the m op up case scenario of the conditions of the High Street so that the Board of wellness would know where to improve-due to the government Public Health Act of 1848, people were hired to report on the sanitary conditions of places. Dunkins history of Dartford is a detailed description of Dartford. It was written in 1844. Due to the fact that it is a book, it could be said that there were bias motives for pen it, as there is an advertising side to it, not just an informative side.This is because the source comes across a bit like a brochure, which means that Dunkin could be promoting Dartford and its shops in particular since he himself owned one. So this could be take hold ofn as not very helpful in gaining an understanding of Dartford High Street. Although, Dunkin was a local anesthetic man which means that he should know what he is talking about. Moreover, he was also a historian, which also means that he uses factual study, and has researched what he was writing. The reliability of the source could be questionable, as it doesnt actually tell us a lot of information about the function or look of the buildings themselves.The report to the general board of health was an official document which means that the likeliness of the report being bias is very low. This source contradicts Dunkins view of the appearance and prosperity of the high street saying how it may be incorrect. It gives information on what life may have been like for the ordinary working people in Dartford. However, it is a limited discussion regarding the appearance of the high street itself. It preserves more to the alleys and side streets than the high streets.Peter Boreham was a historian who relatively recently wrote an overview of Dartford for the book Dartford Through Time. The strengths of Borehams account are that the fact that Boreham was a historian gives this source reliability due to the fact that his aim would have been to report the truth, as that was his job. He also has the adv antage of hindsight and neutrality, as he was not there at the time. Boreham describes the function of the High Street in his account when he talks of Dartfords role as a stick centre this tells us that shopping was one of the High Streets major functions.This is supported by the evidence from the census which says that 30% of all of the jobs in the High Street were as shopkeepers. In fact, Boreham probably used the census in order to obtain this information. We can tell from Borehams account that he has used other sources, including the census as mentioned previously, when writing this. For example, he says Housing conditions were atrocious. This is probably based on Rangers report to the Board of Health which states a similar thing.He also writes how the shop windows are tightly packed with as many goods as possible which could refer to when Dunkin writes about handsome shops, well stocked with a choice assortment of goods tastefully displayed as well as referring to the photog raphs mentioned. The wide range of sources used adds reliability to the account, as it means that he has not just used a narrow perspective of the High Street but has considered many points of view. The book Boreham wrote was written for directchildren in 1990. Therefore, in order to provide the right information to the children, he would have had to have do it as accurate as possible.However, the weaknesses are that Boreham was not there at the time and therefore did not know for sure exactly what the High Street was like. In addition to this, the book was published by Dartford Borough Council and therefore they might have edited it in favour of Dartford. Also, Borehams account was aimed at secondary school pupils so it might not include all of the information in order to make it more interesting or easier to understand. Furthermore, Borehams source lacks detail and can only give us an approximate overview of the function of Dartford, rather than a detailed description.Although B oreham used some sources, there are some which he did not use. For example, the engraving was probably not used, as he does not describe the appearance of the High Street. Therefore, we do not know what other important information he has left out. Overall, Peter Borehams source gives a reasonably reliable overview of Dartford High Street in the mid(prenominal)-nineteenth century, which uses a wide range of sources to help give us an idea of some of the functions and buildings of Dartford High Street at that time. The engraving of Dartford high street was through in 1860.It is a Detailed engraving which gives a clear and complete view of the high street itself, and also a large range of buildings. It gives great detail on the appearance of the buildings, showing all the architectural styles of the buildings, such as Tudor, Georgian, and early Victorian architectural styles are all visible. Although it gives great detail on the appearance of the buildings and the high street, it doesn t give a lot of detail towards the actual functions of the high street in the mid nineteenth century.However, it does show some basic information which can help us gain an understanding of what Dartford high street was like, such as in the engraving, we can clearly design carts and carriages in the street. This shows, as mentioned in previous sections, that carts and coaches were popular in the high street, which is backed up by the image of the Bull and Victoria Hotel. Also, some other functions are visible, these include trade, shopping, and transport. From this engraving, we can also see evidence of prosperity in Dartford.This is made apparent by the obvious wide open airy streets, the fashion, street lighting, and it is obviously clean. We dont, however, know who drew this engraving, which means that it could actually be very unreliable, or it could be reliable. Overall, although it doesnt give detailed evidence of the high street, it does give sufficient evidence of the functi ons, appearance and prosperity of the high street to give us a rough understanding of what Dartford high street was like in the mid nineteenth century.

Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein Essay

Mary Shelleys Frankenstein tells the story of successs ambition to successfully create a life through the use of skill. In the pitch times, this is closely known as genetic engineering or cloning, wherein a scientist or a regenerate dabbles in the works of creating a new life or transforming a life through information and engineering science. Shelley shows in her work that Victor had successfully created a being, however it stunned him, non in surprise but in hatred and fear of the misrepresented creature he has created.The creature that Victor created was adult same like in its physique but childlike in its mind. Its innocence became its downfall as it slowly learned, the unvoiced way, that it is not a normal human being but a reject of the troupe because of its appearance. This guide to its violent rampage destroying the things that it desires, belongingness in the society, and created an even more fearsome aura that caused flock, even its creator, a deeper affright and horror in its existence.This shows that such inventions and discoveries does not necessarily mean success in the world of science as such creatures do not play a significant role in reservation the lives of people better. This indicates that science and technology has a great power in playing with fate and lives that people tend to question its moral philosophy, morals and values. Shelley successfully presents in her work that science has to consider certain ethics and morals with its inventions, thinking about the purpose and result of the work in the world of human.Ethics and morals are the basis of how humans live and think. The society strongly against inventions such as cloning and genetic engineering because of these values. Although the value life is a strong motive for dabbling into the arts of creating or transforming human life, the society thinks immoral of such actions because it makes the creator play with life, which in a religious or ethical sense, humans cann ot play with. Shelleys Frankenstein shows that playing with fate and life has its consequences.Something that is created from the pieces of humanity cannot be entirely human on its own. Rejection is always present in society, and it cannot be blamed on the people when a creature, as misshapen as Frankenstein roams the streets without full knowledge of what life is. The lesson the Shelley leaves her readers is the importance of considering how knowledge is to be used for humanity and to repair human life. Another impacting thought that Shelley leaves is the significance of proper teaching of the masters to their students.When Victor showed an uncanny have-to doe with in raw science, his teachers dismissed his curiousity without explaining to him why such fascination is dangerous and not worth paying(a) attention to. Victor turned to modern science because of the limitations of alchemy. He combined his knowledge of aggripa, alchemy and the modern science to turn create a new life t hat he later rejected and loathed. both the educators and the students have a responsibility in what they do and the results of their actions.Before any scientific invention and husking is pursued, ethical considerations, moral responsibility and purpose is to be weighed. Educators and students should look at their works with purpose and not just because they wanted to create something new. They have to consider the results of such actions, and if it will result to something that is not practiced for human life and will endanger the morals and values of the society, then it should be discouraged. Science and technology is something that is to be used to improve human life not destroy it.

Belonging: An Individual’s Interaction with Others

societal fundamental interaction is an essential part of any relationship it is the determining factor for unrivalleds perceptions of the ordering around them and their own identity. Relationships are initially built upon mutual interests and acceptance and this is closely linked with ones innate desire to be able to affiliate with a group or other individual. Both these ideas are explored in the Namesake by Jhumpa Lahiri and the picture book The Lost affaire by Shaun Tan. Lahiri explores the grandeur of shared values and experiences in a relationship for it to prosper rather than the need for social interaction.This capriciousness is shown through the relationship Ashoke and Ashima forge throughout their feel. Despite having an arranged marriage, without having known each other beforehand, Ashoke and Ashima take a hop a powerful emotional bond during their married life. Throughout the book, the interaction between Ashima and Ashoke is somewhat express mail in speech but t heir bond is shown through emotive passages instead. An example of this is when Ashima tries on Ashokes spot this action is a symbolic harbinger of how well they both(prenominal) fit together over the years.Furthermore, the commendation Eight thousand miles away in Cambridge she has come to know him illustrates how the challenges of being migrants together and the mutual experiences in America and in India serve to strengthen their conjugal ties. Their relationship, hence, is an intuitive one instead of one where oral communication is needed. The ostracism experienced by one unable to interact with others is shown in The Lost Thing by Shaun Tan. The lost function is an anomalous creature in a bureaucratic society hard-hitting for a dumbfound to fit in. provided wherever it goes, it is met with an apathetic attitude from the citizens. The citizens of this society are so innately obsessed with practical outcomes that they have lost all sense of creativity and even communion fo r the sake of conversation. Tan illustrates the austerity of this world by depicting it with rigid angles and an overall sepia tone. However one boy forms a relationship with the lost thing out of pity and tries to find its property. The boy provides food, shelter and care to the lost thing and these simple actions fuel their temporary feelings of be.Their relationship is encouraged by the need to fulfill an action in this case-finding the lost thing its home. The brevity of their relationship is highlighted by the acuate separation of the two It seemed as good a time as any to say adios to each other. So we did. The objective language and the truncated sentence demonstrate the brief and conditional reputation of their bond. Once the condition was fulfilled, the need to belong was abated. This shows the necessity of interaction in creating a sense of belonging had the citizens of the society acknowledged the presence of the lost thing, the lost thing may have remained there. Lahiri also goes on to demonstrate how social interaction can lead to ones compromise of their identity. Gogol is a strand example of this as a child of migrants, Gogol is confronted by two different cultures and feels he must be one or the other. As Gogols relationship with Maxine develops, we see him conform to Maxines standards, hiding his Bengali identity She is surprised to hear certain things about his life that all his parents friends are Bengali, that they had had an arranged marriage, that his suffer cooks Indian food every day, that she wears saris and a bindi. .. But youre so different i neer would have thought that. He is not insulted, but he is aware a line has been skeletal all the same. To be a part of Maxines life, Gogol realises that he has to live her way of life the American way. This compromise of identity led to even more confusion on Gogols behalf and in the end, as he starts to embrace his heritage, he rejects Maxine and her life. This shows how ones perce ptions of identity are crucial in determining and maintaining relationships with others.The need for conformity in the society of The Lost Thing in order to move in acceptance is shown by Shaun Tan. As the boy takes the lost thing around town, it is taken to the boys home. There, it takes up a huge amount of space and is impossible to ignore, however the parents of the boy do not even glance at it. Another instance where this lack of acknowledgement is shown is when the lost thing stands in line of banal, grey citizens. The lost thing clearly stands out as it is big, red and round, but no one notices it.Tan uses this confining imagery as a way to effectively convey the segregation between society and the lost thing. The lost thing is unable to integrate itself into the society as it is both unable to conform to the dull criterion of the society and unable to gain acknowledgment of its presence. The shunned lost thing finds no admission into this society where the citizens do not d are stray from their quotidian routine for tending of exclusion. There is a place in this society that odds things are taken o The federal official Department of Odds and Ends with the motto sweepus underum carpatae. At the end of the book, the lost thing does not find its home but it does find a place where its individuality is accepted. The boy even goes as far as saying I mean, I cant say that the thing actually belonged in the place where it ended up. In fact, none of the things there really belonged. They all seemed happy enough though, so maybe that didnt matter. Consequently, what is shown here is that social interaction is needed, no matter what form of interaction, to gain a feeling of acceptance.Ultimately, social interaction is inherent in all aspects of belonging. It is the basis of all relationships and also a factor for ones self perception of identity. This complex process is vital for ones noetic and physical health as it challenges the barriers in place that one automatically establishes in a invigorated setting. The Namesake by Jhumpa Lahiri and The Lost Thing by Shaun Tan explore the ways in which social interaction can affect relationships and identity which in turn affect ones perceptions of belonging.

Chapter 18 Solutions

EXERCISE 18-1 (10-15 minutes) Add or deduct from be income (a)2deduct (b)1add (c)3add (d)1add (e)2deduct (f)2deduct (g)1add (h3deduct (i)3deduct (j)1add (k)1add (l)1add EXERCISE 18-3 (15-20 minutes) (a) story income$105,000 Permanent differences Non-deductible fines 11,000 116,000 Timing differences Excess of CCA over amortization (16,000) Excess rent serene over rent earned? 24,000 measureable income$124,000 on-going income measurees 30% $37,200 (b) deductible equipoise( taskable) next evaluateCurrent saddleryTemporary measure revenue AssetLong- AccountDifferencesXRate(Liability)TermPP & E($16,000)*30%($4,800) LT Unearned riptide revenue 24,00030% 7,200C next income evaluate summation, Dec. 31, 20092,400 proximo income value addition before adjustment 0 Incr. in in store(predicate) income tax asset and time to come income tax eudaemonia for 2009$2,400 *Carrying amount and tax basis ar not given in the exercise, only the net difference (c)Current Income impos e Expense37,200 Income value collectible37,200 futurity Income revenue Asset? 7,200* approaching Income Tax utility2,400 in store(predicate) Income Tax Liability? 4,800* *or a net debit to next(a) Income Tax Asset of $2,400 Because of a flat tax regularize, these totals can be reconciled $24,000 $16,000) X 30% = $7,200 + ($4,800). EXERCISE 18-3 (Continued) (d)Income before income taxes$105,000 Income tax outlay Current$37,200 prox benefit? (2,400)? 34,800 can income$70,200 (e) dual-lane by Accounting 30% Income Accounting income $ 105,000 31,500 30. 0% Non-deductible fines 11,000 3,300 3. 1% 34,800 33. 1% Effective tax rate ($34,800/$105,000)33. 1% (f)Current assets proximo income tax asset$7,200 Non-Current liabilities Future Income Tax Liability4,800 EXERCISE 18-9 (15-20 minutes) (a) Balance solelyowable Sheet (Taxable) Future Tax AccountCarryingTaxTemporaryTaxAssetDec. 31, 2008AmountBasisDifferencesRate(Liability) Warranty obligation($130,000)$0 $130,000 25%$3 2,500 Future income tax asset, celestial latitude 31, 200832,500 Future income tax asset before adjustment 0 Increase in next income tax asset and future income tax benefit for 2008$32,500 Future divisions Total200920102011 Deductible temporary difference Warranty liability $130,000 $50,000 $35,000 $45,000 Tax rate enacted for the year 25%25%25% Future tax asset $32,500 $12,500 $8,750 $11,250 EXERCISE 18-9 (Continued) (b)2008 Accounting income$135,000Permanent differences-0- Timing difference Warranty expense warranty costs incurred 130,000 Taxable income 265,000 Current income taxes 25%$66,250 (c) Current Income Tax Expense66,250 Income Tax payable 66,250 Future Income Tax Asset32,500 Future Income Tax Benefit32,500 (d)Income before income taxes$135,000 Income tax expense Current$66,250 Future benefit? (32,500) 33,750 Net income$101,250 EXERCISE 18-15 (40-45 minutes) (a) Basic Calculations of Capital Cost onlyowance, Amounts and Balances C-B (A)(B)A B(C)Timing YearBaseCCAUCC Amort. NBVDifference 2007 $600,000 X 40 % X . $ 120,000 $ 480,000 $120,000$480,000$0 2008 480,000 X 40 % 192,000 288,000 120,000360,000(72,000) 2009 288,000 X 40 % 115,200 172,800 120,000240,0004,800 2010 172,800 X 40 % 69,120 103,680 120,000120,00050,880 2011 103,680 X 40 % 41,472 62,208120,000078,528 $537,792 (b) 20072008200920102011 Accounting income $ 340,000 $340,000 $340,000 $340,000 $ 340,000 Timing difference (72,000) 4,800 50,880 78,528 Taxable income $ 340,000 $268,000 $344,800 $390,880 $ 418,528 X 34 %X 34 %X 34 %X 34 %X 34 %Income taxes payable$115,600$91,120$117,232$132,899$142,300 EXERCISE 18-15 (Continued) (c) and (d) 2007 Balance Deductible Sheet (Taxable) Future Tax AccountCarryingTaxTemporaryTaxAsset Dec. 31, 2007AmountBasisDifferencesRate(Liability) Property Plant & Equipment$480,000 $480,000 034%$0 Future income tax asset/liability, declination 31, 20070 Future income tax asset/liability before adjustment 0 Increase in future income tax liability and future inc ome tax expense for 2007$0 Current Income Tax Expense115,600 Income Taxes cod? 115,600 ($340,000 X 34%) kick downstairs (a) EXERCISE 18-15 (Continued) (c) and (d) continued 008 Balance Deductible Sheet (Taxable) Future Tax AccountCarryingTaxTemporaryTaxAsset Dec. 31, 2008AmountBasisDifferencesRate(Liability) Property Plant & Equipment$360,000$288,000 (72,000)34%($24,480) Future income tax liability, December 31, 2008(24,480) Future income tax liability before adjustment 0 Increase in future income tax liability and future income tax expense for 2008($24,480) Current Income Tax Expense91,120 Income Taxes Payable? 91,120 ($268,000 X 34%) startle (a) Future Income Tax Expense24,480 Future Income Tax Liability? 24,480 EXERCISE 18-15 (Continued) (c) and (d) continued 2009Balance Deductible Sheet (Taxable) Future Tax AccountCarryingTaxTemporaryTaxAsset Dec. 31, 2009AmountBasisDifferencesRate(Liability) Property Plant & Equipment$240,000$172,800 ($67,200)34%($22,848) Future income tax liability, December 31, 2009(22,848) Future income tax liability before adjustment (24,480) Decrease in future income tax liability and future income tax benefit for 2009$1,632 2009 Current Income Tax Expense117,232 Income Taxes Payable? 117,232 ($344,800 X 34%) part (a) Future Income Tax Liability1,632 Future Income Tax Benefit? 1,632 EXERCISE 18-15 (Continued) (c) and (d) continued 2010 Balance DeductibleSheet (Taxable) Future Tax AccountCarryingTaxTemporaryTaxAsset Dec. 31, 2010AmountBasisDifferencesRate(Liability) Property Plant & Equipment$120,000$103,680 ($16,320)34%($5,549) Future income tax liability, December 31, 2010(5,549) Future income tax liability before adjustment (22,848) Decrease in future income tax liability and future income tax benefit for 2010$17,299 2010 Current Income Tax Expense132,899 Income Taxes Payable? 132,899 ($390,880 X 34%) part (a) Future Income Tax Liability17,299 Future Income Tax Benefit? 17,299 EXERCISE 18-15 (Continued) (c) and (d) continued 20 11 Balance DeductibleSheet (Taxable) Future Tax AccountCarryingTaxTemporaryTaxAsset Dec. 31, 2011AmountBasisDifferencesRate(Liability) Property Plant & Equipment$0$62,208 $62,20834%$21,151 Future income tax asset, December 31, 201121,151 Future income tax liability before adjustment (5,549) Increase in future income tax asset and future income tax benefit for 2011$26,700 2011 Current Income Tax Expense142,300 Income Taxes Payable? 142,300 ($418,528 X 34%) part (a) Future Income Tax Liability5,549* Future Income Tax Asset21,151* Future Income Tax Benefit? 26,700 *alternately, a debit to Future Tax Asset26,700 EXERCISE 18-15 (Continued) (e) 2007Current Income Tax Expense115,600 Income Taxes Payable? 115,600 ($340,000 X 34%) 2008 Current Income Tax Expense91,120 Income Taxes Payable? 91,120 ($268,000 X 34%) 2009 Current Income Tax Expense117,232 Income Taxes Payable? 117,232 ($344,800 X 34%) 2010 Current Income Tax Expense132,899 Income Taxes Payable? 132,899 ($390,880 X 34%) 2011 Curr ent Income Tax Expense142,300 Income Taxes Payable? 142,300 ($418,528 X 34%) trouble 18-9 Part 1. (a) Mixed tax rate Future years 20092010201120122013Total Future taxable amounts ($300) ($300) ($300) ($200) ($100) ($1,200) Tax rate enacted for the year 30%30%30%35%35%Future tax (liability) ($90) ($90) ($90) ($70) ($35) ($375) Future years 20092010201120122013Total Future deductible amounts $1,800 $1,800 Tax rate enacted for the year 30%30%30%35%35% Future tax asset $ 630 $ 630 PROBLEM 18-9 (Continued) Part 1. (a) Balance Deductible Sheet (Taxable) Future Tax AccountCarryingTaxTemporaryTaxAsset Dec. 31, 2008Amount*Basis*DifferencesRate(Liability) Property Plant & Equipment($1,200)Mixed($375) Litigation Liability1,800Mixed630 Future income tax asset, December 31, 2008255Future income tax liability before adjustment (500) Increase in future income tax asset and future income tax benefit for 2008$755 * not given in the problem Part 1. part (b) Current Income Tax Expense1,200 Income Tax Payable1,200 ($4,000 X 30%) Future Income Tax Asset/Liability755 Future Income Tax Benefit755* *Alternately Future Income Tax Asset630 Future Income Tax Liability125 Future Income Tax Benefit755 PROBLEM 18-9 (Continued) Part 2. (a) Mixed tax rates Future years 2009201020112012Total Future taxable amounts ($400) ($400) ($400) ($400) ($1,600) Tax rate enacted for the year 30%30%30%35%Future tax (liability) ($120) ($120) ($120) ($140) ($500) Future years 2009201020112012Total Future deductible amounts $3,000 $3,000 Tax rate enacted for the year 30%30%30%35% Future tax asset $900 $900 PROBLEM 18-9 (Continued) Part 2. (a) Balance Deductible Sheet (Taxable) Future Tax AccountCarryingTaxTemporaryTaxAsset Dec. 31, 2008Amount*Basis*DifferencesRate(Liability) Property Plant & Equipment($1,600)Mixed($500) Litigation Liability3,000Mixed900 Future income tax asset, December 31, 2008400 Future income tax asset before adjustment 600Decrease in future income tax asset and future income tax expense for 2008$200 * not given in the problem Part 2. part (b) Current Income Tax Expense1,200 Income Tax Payable1,200 ($4,000 X 30%) Future Income Tax Expense200* Future Income Tax Asset200* *Alternately Future Income Tax Expense200 Future Income Tax Asset300 Future Income Tax Liability500 PROBLEM 18-9 (Continued) (c) Part 1 All balance sheet related accounts are non- contemporary Pirates Corp. Balance Sheet December 31, 2008 Non-current assets Future income tax asset$255 Part 2 All balance sheet related accounts are non-current Eagles Corp. Balance Sheet December 31, 2008Non-current assets Future income tax asset$400 PROBLEM 18-12 (a)2007 Income Tax turn back receivable20047,500 ($25,000 X 30%) Income Tax Refund Receivable200518,000 ?($60,000 X 30%) Income Tax Refund Receivable200632,000 ($80,000 X 40%) Current Income Tax Benefit (Due to Loss Carryback)57,500 NoteAn acceptable alternative is to record only unmatchable Income Tax Refund Receivable account for the amount of $ 57,500. Future Income Tax Asset18,000 Future Income Tax Benefit (Due to Loss Carryforward)18,000 ($210,000 $25,000 $60,000 $80,000 = $45,000) ($45,000 X 40% = $18,000) 2008 Current Income Tax Expense10,000Income Tax Payable? 10,000 ($70,000 $45,000) X 40% Future Income Tax Expense18,000 Future Income Tax Asset18,000 ($18,000 $0) 2009 Current Income Tax Expense31,500 Income Tax Payable ($90,000 X 35%)31,500 PROBLEM 18-12 (Continued) (b)One or more income tax refund receivable accounts totalling $57,500 will be reported under current assets on the balance sheet at December 31, 2007. This type of receivable is usually listed immediately supra inventory in the current asset section. This receivable is normally collectible within two months of filing the amendment to the tax returns reflecting the carryback.A future income tax asset of $18,000 should also be classified as a current asset because the benefits of the damage carryforward are expected to be realized in the year that immediately follows the hurt year, which operator the benefits are expected to be realized in 2008. A current future income tax asset is usually listed at or near the end of the list of current assets on the balance sheet. Also, retain earnings is increased by $75,500 ($57,500 + $18,000) as a result of the entries to record the benefits of the loss carryback and the loss carryforward. (c)2007 Income affirmationOperating loss before income taxes($210,000) Income tax benefit Current benefit due to loss carryback$57,500 Future benefit due to loss carryforward? 18,000 75,500 Net loss($134,500) (d)2008 Income Statement Income before income taxes$70,000 Income tax expense Current$10,000a Future? 18,000? 28,000 Net income$42,000 a ($70,000 $45,000) X 40% PROBLEM 18-12 (Continued) (e)2007 Income Tax Refund Receivable20047,500 ($25,000 X 30%) Income Tax Refund Receivable200518,000 ($60,000 X 30%) Income Tax Refund Receivable200632,000 ?($80,000 X 40%) Current Income Tax Benefit (Due to Loss Carryback)57,500NoteAn acceptable alternative is to record only one Income Tax Refund Receivable account for the amount of $57,500. Although the tax benefit is not recognized in the accounts, Mearat Inc. has a tax loss carryforward of $45,000 which should be disclosed. 2008 Current Income Tax Expense10,000 Income Tax Payable? 10,000 ($70,000 $45,000) X 40% 2009 Current Income Tax Expense31,500 Income Tax Payable ($90,000 X 35%)31,500 (f)2007 entree for current taxes no change 2007 if a valuation perimeter is used, the full benefit and future tax asset related to the tax loss carryforward is recognized and whence offset by the allowance, as follows.Future Income Tax Asset18,000 Future Income Tax Benefit (Due to Loss Carryforward)18,000 ($45,000 X 40% = $18,000) Problem 18-12 (f) (Continued) Future Income Tax Expense18,000 Allowance to stretch Future Income Tax Asset to achievable Value)18,000 ($18,000 $0) 2008 entry for current taxes no change 2008 because the tax l oss carryforward has now been used, both the amount in the future tax account and in its allowance account must be removed, as follows. Future Income Tax Expense (Due to Use of Loss Carryforward)18,000 Future Income Tax Asset18,000 Allowance to Reduce Future IncomeTax Asset to Realizable Value18,000 Future Income Tax Benefit (from Adjustment of Allowance)18,000 Alternatively, one entry could turn out been made Allowance to Reduce Future Income Tax Asset to Realizable Value18,000 Future Income Tax Asset18,000 2009 No change to part (e) entry. (g)2007 Income Statement Operating loss before income taxes($200,000) Income tax benefit Current benefit due to loss carryback? 57,500 Net loss($142,500) 2008 Income Statement Income before income taxes$70,000 Income tax expense Current a 14,000 Net income$56,000 a ($70,000 $35,000) X 40% PROBLEM 18-12 (Continued) h)Using the valuation allowance instead of applying the reduction in value directly does not have any impact on cash flows. The u se of the contra allowance simply permits the recording of the full benefits associated with all future deductible amounts in the asset account. This facilitates tracking for management purposes. It has no use for financial describe purposes except, perhaps, for the transparency of the information. Readers can see the total possible benefits and the extent to which management has judged they will not be realized. Use of the allowance has no impact on cash flows.